Everything about Zinaida Gippius totally explained
Zinaida Nikolaevna Gippius, Зинаида Николаевна Гиппиус (
1869 -
1945) was a
Russian
symbolist poet and author. She was married to philosopher
Dmitriy Sergeyevich Merezhkovsky. Their union lasted 52 years (despite Gippius' probable
lesbianism) and is described in Gippius' unfinished book
Dmitry Merezhkovsky (Paris. 1951; Moscow., 1991). She was a
freemason.
Emigration
Merezhkovsky and Gippius hoped for the demise of the
bolshevik rule, but after they learned of
Kolchak's defeat in
Siberia and
Denikin's defeat in the south of Russia, they decided to flee
Petrograd. On
24 December 1919 together with their friend
Dmitry Filosofov, and secretary V. Zlobin, they left the city as if going to present lectures to the
Red Army regiments in
Gomel, while in actuality, in January
1920 they defected to the territory occupied by
Poland and settled for a while in
Minsk. Here the Merezhkovskys lectured to the Russian immigrants and wrote political pamphlets in the
Minsk Courier newspaper.
The tragedy of the life and work of a writer, destined to live outside of Russia is a constant topic in the later works of Gippius. In exile she remained faithful to the aesthetic and metaphysical mentality that she acquired in the pre-revolutionary years while involved in the Religion and Philosophy Assembly and Religion and Philosophy Society. She was preoccupied by
mystical and covertly
sexual themes. She was also an alert, if harsh
literary critic and connoisseur of poetry, who became known for dismissing many of the
Symbolist and
Acmeist Russian writers. This made her unpopular with the younger generation in her time, but she's now recognized as one of Russia's most important women writers.
In exile Gippius republished several works which had previously been published in Russia. A collection of stories
Nebesnye slova was published in
Paris in 1921, a book of poems
Stikhi: Dnevnik 1911-1912 was published in
1922 in
Berlin, while in
Munich a book by four authors (Merezhkovsky, Gippius, Filosofov, and Zlobin)
Tsarstvo Antichrista (The Kingdom of the Antichrist) came out, where the first two parts of
Peterburgskiye dnevniki (St. Petersburg Diaries) were published for the first time, and with an introductory article by Gippius "The Story of my Diary."
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